On April 6, Union forces managed to capture a considerable chunk of Lee’s army at the Battle of Sailor’s Creek. Lee and Grant at Appomattox is an historical fiction children's novel by MacKinlay Kantor. “The war is over,” he said. But when one key subordinate assured him that the situation was hopeless, Lee said sadly, “Then there is nothing left me but to go and see General Grant, and I would rather die a thousand deaths.”[3]. But over 80,000 did so on April 26, when General Joseph E. Johnston surrendered to Major General William T. Sherman near Durham, North Carolina.[2]. 3) Wilmer McLean, who owned the house where Grant accepted Lee’s surrender, had moved to Appomattox Court House in 1863 to avoid the war. The … Stelle & Co., 1885; PR 068 Wars. Word soon reached Federal soldiers as well, and understandably some artillerists touched off cannon in salute to the victory. Grant followed him out into the yard and silently removed his hat. “It will be very gratifying and will do much toward conciliating our people.”[, Grant concluded by ordering the Union army to issue 25,000 rations to feed its half-famished adversaries, an amount Lee estimated would be more than enough to do the job. It was 3:45 p.m. Lee rose from his desk, shook hands with Grant, bowed gravely to the other assembled Federal officers, then stepped out on the porch and summoned his orderly to bring his horse, Traveller. 4. 1. If the two armies had been able to unite, the war could have continued, as the Confederate government intended. And the last mass capitulation of Confederate troops occurred on May 26, 1865, when Lieutenant General Simon B. Buckner surrendered the Trans-Mississippi Department to Major General Peter J. Osterhaus. [1], These caveats are trivial, but it is also true that the Appomattox surrender was not even when the largest number of Rebel soldiers laid down their weapons. The selection is presented in three easy 5 minute installments. Lee and Grant at Appomattox: Kantor, Mackinlay: Amazon.nl Selecteer uw cookievoorkeuren We gebruiken cookies en vergelijkbare tools om uw winkelervaring te verbeteren, onze services aan te bieden, te begrijpen hoe klanten onze services gebruiken zodat we verbeteringen kunnen aanbrengen, en om advertenties weer te geven. Lee, Marshall, and Babcock were the first to arrive, Lee resplendent in his best dress uniform and ceremonial sword. It was 3:45 p.m. Lee rose from his desk, shook hands with Grant, bowed gravely to the other assembled Federal officers, then stepped out on the porch and summoned his orderly to bring his horse, Traveller. The story makes reference to many actual battles of the Civil War. Second, it was the moment when the South’s greatest chieftain, General Robert E. Lee, confronted his opposite number in the North, Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant. The next step was to agree upon a place for the rival commanders to meet, a decision made by aides serving under both generals—Colonel Charles Marshall for Lee and Colonel Orville E. Babcock representing Grant. But Grant lost no time in sending staff officers to quash the celebration. And President Andrew Johnson did not officially declare the rebellion ended until April 2, 1866. General Grant realized he had been out-maneuvered, so went to Appomattox to surrender. Here, then, was the greatest event in the conclusion of the Civil War—and the one with mythical resonance. After a series of notes between the two leaders, they agreed to meet on April 9, 1865, at the house of Wilmer McLean in the village of Appomattox Courthouse. Days earlier, Lee had abandoned the Confederate capital of Richmond and the city of Petersburg; his goal was to rally the remnants of his beleaguered troops, meet Confederate reinforcements in North Carolina and resume fighting. William Marvel named the book as a childhood influence in his book A Place Called Appomattox. Why do you think General Ulysses S. And by April 8, Union cavalry had cut off Lee’s further retreat to the west. The names Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee are connected through their Civil War bond and the historic surrender, 151 years ago today, at Appomattox Court House. It was the final engagement of Confederate General in Chief, Robert E. Lee, and his Army of Northern Virginia before it surrendered to the Union Army of the Potomac under the Commanding General of the United States, Ulysses S. Grant. His entourage quietly found places around the room’s periphery. At least four accounts of the May 1, 1869, meeting at the White House exist, and neither fully corroborates another. They soon agreed upon a spacious three-story house owned by Wilmer McLean, one of a scattering of dwellings that comprised the village of Appomattox Court House. Lee mounted up. Read more. Officers would be permitted to keep their private horses, baggage, and sidearms. The conflict’s last military engagement was more than two months later at Palmito Ranch, Texas. On the eve of the Civil War, Grant was a failure and a civilian, but Lee had a successful military career. Historian William Marvel has cited the book as piquing his interest in studying the subject of Appomattox as a child. It will cost less, plus you will get the added bonus of McKay's illustrations. Grant Meets Lee at Appomattox. 2. David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler, eds., Encyclopedia of the American Civil War, 5 vols. Appomattox: The Surrender April 9, 1865 NPS historian Ernie Price describes the surrender meeting between Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865. But Grant lost no time in sending staff officers to quash the celebration. “This will have the best possible effect upon the men,” Lee said. Lee and Grant at Appomattox is an historical fiction children’s novel by MacKinlay Kantor. The Confederate general demurred for as long as there seemed a chance to break out and continue the retreat. These figures encompass not just the troops actually present on the day of the respective surrenders, but rather all troops legally included under the surrender terms. Lee raised his own hat, then wordlessly turned and rode off to convey the news of the surrender to his men. Grant’s concern to preserve his opponent’s dignity was further underscored by his reluctance to get immediately to the matter at hand. We greeted each other, and after shaking hands took our seats. This would effectively end four years of America’s bloodiest war. © 2021 The Civil War Monitor For that reason, this episode occupies a cherished place in the American album. Get to Know Us. Website Design and Development by Blind Acre Media, In the minds of most Americans, the Civil War came to an end at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on April 9, 1865. Strictly speaking, that isn’t true. As it happened, in July 1861 McLean had lived on the Bull Run battlefield, but he had relocated far away to avoid any more fighting—only to have the war come to an end in his front parlor. The Appomattox Court House was the site of the actual surrender of General Lee to General Grant in 1865. A.L. The Battle of Appomattox Court House, fought in Appomattox County, Virginia, on the morning of April 9, 1865, was one of the last battles of the American Civil War. Lee seems not to have noticed it (although the contrast is sometimes invoked to symbolize an encounter between vanquished southern chivalry and grimy northern modernity). A few minor skirmishes sputtered on even later. Rather than emphasizing the finality of military defeat, Varon stresses the uncertainty of the days, weeks, and months after Appomattox. On April 6, Union forces managed to capture a considerable chunk of Lee’s army at the Battle of Sailor’s Creek. Grant had been riding all morning to reach Sheridan’s forces and was south of Lee’s army in the outskirts of Appomattox County when the message intercepted him. Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee (reprint; Secaucus, NJ, 1983), 421. Lee had sent a letter to Grant requesting a meeting to discuss his army's surrender and this letter overtook Grant and his party just before noon about four miles west of Walker's Church (present-day Hixburg). Which army had the better position? First, the Appomattox surrender entailed the demise of the Army of Northern Virginia, universally acknowledged as the Confederacy’s most formidable field army. About 28,000 Confederates stacked arms under the Union terms agreed upon at Appomattox. “It will be very gratifying and will do much toward conciliating our people.”[5], Grant concluded by ordering the Union army to issue 25,000 rations to feed its half-famished adversaries, an amount Lee estimated would be more than enough to do the job. It was originally published in 1950 by Random House, and later published in paperback by Sterling Point Books. Following Lee's surrender, various groups mobilized memories in a bid to legitimize their visions of postwar Reconstruction. He wrote the majority of the Confederate’s surrender terms, as well as most of Grant’s correspondence in the last years of the war. Lee and Grant at Appomattox (833) A short account filled with actual photos and … The Confederate raider CSS Shenandoah, for example, knew nothing of the surrender until December 1865. From then on, the hamlet was known as Appomattox Court House. Grant wrote Lee with a summons to surrender. Grant offered Lee fairly generous terms during the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House. But when one key subordinate assured him that the situation was hopeless, Lee said sadly, “Then there is nothing left me but to go and see General Grant, and I would rather die a thousand deaths.”[, Grant’s concern to preserve his opponent’s dignity was further underscored by his reluctance to get immediately to the matter at hand. Late, he realized his mistake, but was too much of a gentleman to bring up the subject. 11 people found this helpful. Surrender at Appomattox Court House, (Ely Parker is depicted seated at table in rear), W.H. (Tourists often suppose that the surrender occurred at the courthouse itself, but in the 19th century “Court House” was often part of a county seat’s proper name.) One of Grant’s staff officers then wrote out an official copy of the correspondence, and the two generals signed it. The McLean House in Appomattox Court House, Virginia, where Robert E. Lee met with Ulysses S. Grant on April 9, 1865, to discuss terms of surrender. Describe the position of the Army of the James and the Army of Northern Virginia on April 8, 1865. 3. Generals Grant and Lee agreed to convene at the home of Wilmer McLean at Appomattox Court House to stop the fighting between their two armies. Gary Gallagher mentions the book in his collection of essays Lee and His Generals in War and Memory as an example of southern hypocrisy dictating how the memories of Lee and Grant are recalled. Douglas Southall Freeman, R. E. Lee: A Biography, 4 vols. "Lee and Grant at Appomattox (Masterplots II: Juvenile and Young Adult Biography Series)", Commanding General of the United States Army, 1865–1869, United States presidential election, 1868, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lee_and_Grant_at_Appomattox&oldid=970754174, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, The surrender of General Lee to General Grant near the end of the American Civil War, This page was last edited on 2 August 2020, at 05:18. One of Grant’s staff officers then wrote out an official copy of the correspondence, and the two generals signed it. Continuing Lee Surrenders at Appomatox, our selection from Memoirs of Grant by Ulysses S. Grant published in 1885. (It was, ironically, a Confederate victory.) Instead he remarked that he had once met Lee during the Mexican War: “I have always remembered your appearance, and I think I should have recognized you anywhere.” Lee responded that he, too, recalled meeting Grant on that occasion, though he confessed that while he had often tried to remember how Grant looked, “I have never been able to recall a single feature.”[4] Grant continued to make small talk about the Mexican War until Lee felt obliged to draw his attention to the matter at hand. The story also addresses the lasting bitterness between the North and South for years following the Civil War. Strictly speaking, that isn’t true. Before the war, McLean owned a farm near Manassas, Virginia. The formal surrender comes three days later. Moving away 150 miles away to avoid the battles, the family ended up at Appomattox where Grant and Lee signed a peace agreement that ended the civil war. It was originally published in 1950 by Random House, and later published in paperback by Sterling Point Books. Kantor mainly discusses the feelings of each army, both victorious and shellacked, and pays special attention to the history and interaction between Grant and Lee. Long with Barbara Long, The Civil War Day by Day: An Almanac, 1861–1865 (Garden City, NY, 1971), 670–671, 688, 690, 695, 696–697. With his army surrounded, his men weak and exhausted, Robert E. Lee realized there was little choice but to consider the surrender of his Army to General Grant. Lee mounted up. The surrender took place after a weeklong retreat in which Lee was forced to abandon the Richmond-Petersburg entrenchments—a belt of fortifications his army had defended for 10 months—and march westward in a bid to resupply his men in Lynchburg, Virginia, before swinging southward to join up with Joe Johnston’s army, which was then facing Sherman in central North Carolina. Grant wrote in his memoirs that the migraine, or “sick headache”, he had been suffering from all night, immediately disappeared when he received Lee’s letter agreeing to surrender. The meeting lasted approximately two and one-half hours and at its conclusion the bloodliest conflict in the … Instead he remarked that he had once met Lee during the Mexican War: “I have always remembered your appearance, and I think I should have recognized you anywhere.” Lee responded that he, too, recalled meeting Grant on that occasion, though he confessed that while he had often tried to remember how Grant looked, “I have never been able to recall a single feature.”[, This preliminary exchange set the tone for the entire meeting, with Lee the embodiment of dignified rectitude and Grant trying hard to avoid any sign that might humiliate his adversary. Lee raised his own hat, then wordlessly turned and rode off to convey the news of the surrender to his men. Grant followed him out into the yard and silently removed his hat. Horace Porter, Campaigning with Grant (Bloomington, 1956), 486. Question Sheet for Lee and Grant at Appomattox Court House Educator Copy Questions from the Video: 1. When I went into the house I found General Lee. When Lee informed Grant that the Confederate army did not issue most soldiers their horses, and that they provided their own, Grant quickly agreed to a codicil whereby any Rebel who claimed to own a horse would be permitted to take it with him. Lee and Grant at Appomattox is an historical fiction children's novel by MacKinlay Kantor. Grant was self-conscious about his appearance. Grant wrote Lee with a summons to surrender. Helpful. As Lee arrived, he mistook the disheveled and mud spattered Grant for an aid, and gave him his sword to polish. The surrender at Appomattox Court House occurred in April 1865 when Confederate general Robert E. Lee submitted to Union general-in-chief Ulysses S. Grant, all but ending the American Civil War (1861–1865). On April 2nd,after a 10-month siege of Petersburg, Grant's forces had at last penetrated Lee's thinning lines . Lee realized that the retreat of his beleaguered army had finally been halted, U. S. Grant was riding toward Appomattox Court House where Union Cavalry, followed by infantry from the V, XXIV, and XXV Corps had blocked the Confederate path. Lee and Grant at Appomattox reads like a Greek tragedy. The surrender took place in a house owned by Wilmer McLean. After Lee and Grant’s preliminary and unusually pleasant conversation, Grant reached out to write out the surrender terms for the Army of Northern Virginia. Grant, who had b… The Confederate raider CSS, These caveats are trivial, but it is also true that the Appomattox surrender was not even when the largest number of Rebel soldiers laid down their weapons. Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870, Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885, American Civil War (1861-1865), United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Juvenile fiction, United States, United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Fiction The McLean's family land was where the first of the civil war began. “The rebels are our countrymen again.”[, , A HISTORY PROFESSOR AT THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, IS THE AUTHOR OF SEVERAL BOOKS, INCLUDING. Lee and Grant at Appomattox (833) [Kantor, MacKinlay] on Amazon.com. This preliminary exchange set the tone for the entire meeting, with Lee the embodiment of dignified rectitude and Grant trying hard to avoid any sign that might humiliate his adversary. The conflict’s last military engagement was more than two months later at Palmito Ranch, Texas. but rather all troops legally included under the surrender terms. And by April 8, Union cavalry had cut off Lee’s further retreat to the west. From the Pulitzer Prize winning author of Andersonville comes the story of an unforgettable moment in American history: the historic meeting between General Robert E. Lee and General Ulysses S. Grant that led to the surrender of Lee's Army of Northern Virginia--and ultimately to the end of the Civil War. On the morning of April 9, while General Robert E . Lee and Grant at Appomattox depicts the surrender of the Confederate States of America to Union soldiers. And the last mass capitulation of Confederate troops occurred on May 26, 1865, when Lieutenant General Simon B. Buckner surrendered the Trans-Mississippi Department to Major General Peter J. Osterhaus. On April 9, 1865, near the town of Appomattox Court House, Virginia, Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered his Army of Northern Virginia to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. ‹ Previous: KUTZLER: Living By Inches (2019), Next: BROWN: Civil War Monuments and the Militarization of America (2019) ›, Website Design and Development by Blind Acre Media. But over 80,000 did so on April 26, when General Joseph E. Johnston surrendered to Major General William T. Sherman near Durham, North Carolina. The primary surrender terms called upon Lee’s men to be paroled: They would not be made captives, but instead allowed to go to their respective homes provided they did not take up arms again unless properly exchanged. Report abuse. When Lee informed Grant that the Confederate army did not issue most soldiers their horses, and that they provided their own, Grant quickly agreed to a codicil whereby any Rebel who claimed to own a horse would be permitted to take it with him. Word soon reached Federal soldiers as well, and understandably some artillerists touched off cannon in salute to the victory. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. The other Union officers did the same. 2. In the minds of most Americans, the Civil War came to an end at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on April 9, 1865. A little before noon on the 7th of April, 1865, General Grant, with his staff, rode into the little village of Farmville, on the south side of the Appomattox River, a town that will be memorable in history as the place where he opened the correspondence with Lee which led to the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia. So, try to find a used edition of the original Lee and Grant at Appomattox. (New York, 1935), 4: 135–136. And yet it’s Appomattox that claims our imagination—just as it did in 1865, when Americans North and South both considered it the death knell of the Confederacy. It was almost a pageant of sectional reconciliation. The other Union officers did the same. Why does Appomattox occupy such a central place in the American Iliad? Lee sends word that he will surrender. A few minor skirmishes sputtered on even later. It was originally published in 1950 by Random House, and later published in paperback by Sterling Point Books. In specific, it portrays the surrender of General Robert E. Lee to General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, helping to bring about the end of the American Civil War. E.B. Lee's surrender at Appomattox, that Palm Sunday, came at the end of a week's retreat from Petersburg and Richmond. “The war is over,” he said. It was originally published in 1950 by Random House, and later published in paperback by Sterling Point Books. Lee and Grant at Appomattox Tom Lovell “For all time it will be a good thing …. Officers would be permitted to keep their private horses, baggage, and sidearms. After half an hour, the Union general-in-chief arrived, accompanied by several staff officers and a few combat generals, most notably Major General Philip H. Sheridan, whose aggressive pursuit had played a crucial role in bringing Lee’s army to bay. David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler, eds.. present on the day of the respective surrenders. But it was not to be. The Confederate president, Jefferson Davis, and the rest of the government had to abandon Richmond. This article appeared in the Winter 2019 issue of The Civil War Monitor. If the two armies had been able to unite, the war could have continued, as the Confederate government intended. The primary surrender terms called upon Lee’s men to be paroled: They would not be made captives, but instead allowed to go to their respective homes provided they did not take up arms again unless properly exchanged. Grant sat at a writing desk opposite Lee. “The rebels are our countrymen again.”[6]. The trio conversed awkwardly while awaiting Grant, with Babcock frequently peering out the window to see if he was coming. The Appomattox story thus fits perfectly into a central theme of the American Iliad: the moral equivalence of the Union and Confederate sides. Some have accused the book of displaying a bias towards General Lee and presenting an inaccurate portrayal of General Grant. Reenactment of the Surrender of Lee to Grant at the Appomattox Court House National Historic Park in Virginia The mutual respect and gallantry shown by Grant and Lee drove home this point more firmly than almost anything else one can imagine. Lee and Grant at Appomattox. See all reviews > Back to top. Until that time it continued its depredations against the northern whaling fleet in the waters off Alaska. (It was, ironically, a Confederate victory.) In all of this there is not a hint of the struggle between slavery and freedom that lay at the heart of the Civil War. But the resulting Bat… Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant meet at Appomattox to work out the terms of the surrender. Grant chronicled the Appomattox meeting extensively in his journal. Lee and Grant at Appomattox: Kantor, M.: Amazon.nl Selecteer uw cookievoorkeuren We gebruiken cookies en vergelijkbare tools om uw winkelervaring te verbeteren, onze services aan te bieden, te begrijpen hoe klanten onze services gebruiken zodat we verbeteringen kunnen aanbrengen, en om advertenties weer te geven. [4] “This will have the best possible effect upon the men,” Lee said. You Are There Lee And Grant At Appomattox 11-7-48 http://oldtimeradiodvd.com 494 About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube … In the minds of most Americans, the Civil War came to an end at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on April 9, … [, The surrender took place after a weeklong retreat in which Lee was forced to abandon the Richmond-Petersburg entrenchments—a belt of fortifications his army had defended for 10 months—and march westward in a bid to resupply his men in Lynchburg, Virginia, before swinging southward to join up with Joe Johnston’s army, which was then facing Sherman in central North Carolina. Moral equivalence of the May 1, 1869, meeting at the White House exist and! All time it continued its depredations against the Northern whaling fleet in the American Iliad off cannon in to... Bring up the subject Confederate surrender at Appomattox reads like a Greek tragedy the victory )... 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