Oleander Origin. White Oleander is a 2002 American drama film directed by Peter Kosminsky. [58], There is an ancient account mentioned by Pliny the Elder in his Natural History,[52] who described a region in Pontus in Turkey where the honey was poisoned from bees having pollinated poisonous flowers, with the honey left as a poisonous trap for an invading army. Miranda returns accompanied by Turner to her family in Greenwich. Miranda returns the sentiment, but returns to Greenwich to put some distance between them. Oleander Girl is a coming of age novel in the best tradition, with a heroine who is both infuriating and endearing, and most importantly, brave. Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s book Oleander Girl is a story of a young woman’s search for her parentage and consequently her identity.. Review by Sandhya Renukamba. [20], The toxicity of the plant makes it the center of an urban legend documented on several continents and over more than a century. Illustrated Lecture Notes on Tropical Medicine. The fruit is a long narrow pair of follicles, which splits open at maturity to release numerous downy seeds. Miranda manages to convince her parents to let her go to Nicholas's estate of Dragonwyck manor as companion to his eight-year-old daughter Katrine (Connie Marshall). Clemson University: Oleander Facts. On the East Coast of the US, it grows as far north as Virginia Beach, Virginia, while in California and Texas miles of oleander shrubs are planted on median strips. For this reason gardeners are advised to prune mature shrubs in the autumn to shape and induce lush new growth and flowering for the following spring. It is tolerant to both drought and inundation, but not to prolonged frost. As they part, Turner repeats the exact words the patroon Nicholas van Rijn himself spoke when he first wooed Miranda: Can he see her again, he asks? “It started off as a love story.” says Oleander, “The girl I met was a learned marine biologist. At the same time, he admits having romantic feelings for Miranda. [42] Induced vomiting and gastric lavage are protective measures to reduce absorption of the toxic compounds. The Egyptians apparently called it scinphe, the North Africans rhodedaphane, and the Lucanians (a southern Italic people) icmane. [13][14][15][16] It typically occurs around stream beds in river valleys, where it can alternatively tolerate long seasons of drought and inundation from winter rains. 11, 1946, http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/73599/Dragonwyck/, https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9405EFDF153FE23BBC4952DFB266838D659EDE, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dragonwyck_(film)&oldid=1014850539, Films with screenplays by Joseph L. Mankiewicz, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 29 March 2021, at 12:49. [28] The disease has since decimated hundreds of thousands of shrubs mainly in Southern California, but also on a smaller scale in Arizona, Nevada and Texas. Oleander, Nerium oleander, is a poisonous shrub.It is commonly used in gardens because of its pink colored flowers. Part of the dogbane family, the oleander plant is an extremely toxic plant. The plant itself (which loves hilly country) forms a large bush; the root is red and large, and, if this is dried, it gives off a fragrance like wine. It is most commonly grown in its natural shrub form, but can be trained into a small tree with a single trunk. [10]The three remaining genera Alafia Thouars, Farquharia Stapf and Isonema R.Br. Her debut was as a waitress in the film Hairshirt, before several television guest roles, including a recurring role on Judging Amy.She had a supporting role in White Oleander as a pregnant girl in foster care. [45] Symptoms of a poisoned horse include severe diarrhea and abnormal heartbeat. Nerium oleander is either native or naturalized to a broad area spanning from Northwest Africa and Iberian peninsula eastward through the Mediterranean region, to the Arabian peninsula, southern Asia, and as far east as Yunnan in southern parts of China. The flowers require insect visits to set seed, and seem to be pollinated through a deception mechanism. Korobi has been named by her mother after the oleander – beautiful but deadly. In cold winter climates, oleander is a popular summer potted plant readily available at most nurseries. Chitra banerjee divakaruni presentation 1. Gregory Peck was the first choice for Nicholas Van Ryn. Although it does not require pruning to thrive and bloom, oleander can become unruly with age and older branches tend to become gangly, with new growth emerging from the base. Retrieved on 2009-07-27. [48], Nerium oleander has a history of cultivation going back millennia, especially amongst the great ancient civilizations of the Mediterranean Basin. They are so prolific that Galveston is known as the 'Oleander City'; an annual oleander festival is hosted every spring. Beyond the traditional Mediterranean and subtropical range of oleander, the plant can also be cultivated in mild oceanic climates with the appropriate precautions. Although Johanna is diagnosed with a simple cold, she dies unexpectedly of acute gastritis from eating cake. Oleander Poisoning. "[39] In 2000, a rare instance of death from oleander poisoning occurred when two toddlers adopted from a Siberian orphanage ate the leaves from a neighbor's shrub in El Segundo, California. The Best Disney Cupcakes. Nerium oleander is native to northern Africa, the eastern Mediterranean basin and southeast Asia.Oleander prefers dry, warm climates and may naturalize in such areas. Ingrid begins dating a man named Barry. However loutish the American-born sons of the family may be, there was never one who refused to give his muscle to the back-breaking task of getting those tubbed trees down into the cellar in the fall and up into the sunlight in the spring. Often told as a true and local event, typically an entire family, or in other tellings a group of scouts, succumbs after consuming hot dogs or other food roasted over a campfire using oleander sticks. [citation needed], Drugs derived from N. oleander have been investigated as a treatment for cancer, but have failed to demonstrate clinical utility. The flowers grow in clusters at the end of each branch; they are white, pink to red,[Note 2] 2.5–5 cm (0.98–1.97 in) diameter, with a deeply 5-lobed fringed corolla round the central corolla tube. [34] The solid whites, reds and a variety of pinks are the most common. ― Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, Oleander Girl. [32] Once they are dormant they require little light and only occasional watering. [36][37][38], In reviewing oleander toxicity cases seen in-hospital, Lanford and Boor[39] concluded that, except for children who might be at greater risk, "the human mortality associated with oleander ingestion is generally very low, even in cases of moderate intentional consumption (suicide attempts). She had been doing this for quite a while, and then as we would get separated on vacations, she eventually just asked if I would come along, [...] this is how I first traveled to that region of the world, and then I was seized by this Antarctica virus. (1992). Desai, Umesh R. Cardiac glycosides. Retrieved on 2018-03-26. International Oleander Society: Information on Oleander toxicity. Her grandfather destroyed all photos of her mother due to his sorrow upon her mother's death. Raised in 1844 Greenwich, Connecticut by her strait-laced low church parents, Ephraim (Walter Huston) and Abigail (Anne Revere), Miranda Wells (Gene Tierney) is a farm girl who often daydreams of a more romantic and luxurious life outside the farm. Peggy spirits Miranda away from Nicholas for her safety. Free Press, $24 (288p) ISBN 978-1-4516-9565-6. Nicholas later confesses to Miranda that he was unhappy with his wife for not bearing him a son after being rendered infertile by the birth of Katrine. Because oleander is extremely bitter, officials speculated that the toddlers had developed a condition caused by malnutrition, pica, which causes people to eat otherwise inedible material. Extremities may become pale and cold due to poor or irregular circulation. Retrieved on 2009-07-27. [33], Oleander flowers are showy, profuse, and often fragrant, which makes them very attractive in many contexts. There is a wide range of toxins and secondary compounds within oleander, and care should be taken around this plant due to its toxic nature. It belongs to (and gives its name to) the small tribe Nerieae of subfamily Apocynoideae of the dogbane family Apocynaceae. [29][30] The culprit is a bacterium called Xylella fastidiosa, which is spread via insects (the glassy-winged sharpshooter primarily) which feed on the tissue of oleanders and spread the bacteria. A 2014 article in the medical journal Perspectives in Biology and Medicine posited that oleander was the substance used to induce hallucinations in the Pythia, the female priestess of Apollo, also known as the Oracle of Delphi in Ancient Greece. The film stars Gene Tierney, Walter Huston, and Vincent Price. Prolonged contact with sap may cause skin irritation, eye inflammation and dermatitis. An increasingly volatile and dangerous Nicholas grabs a pistol and goes to the Kermesse grounds in an attempt to revive patroon authority by reliving old tenant rituals, but as if in answer to his fantasies as well as his worst fears, Turner arrives with the tenant farmers, the mayor, and the sheriff and arrests him for the murder of his wife. They therefore receive very few visits, as typical of many rewardless flower species. Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni 2. See the popularity of the girl's name Oleander over time, plus its meaning, origin, common sibling names, and more in BabyCenter's Baby Names tool. Shmida, A., Ivri, Y., and Cohen, D. The enigma of the oleander. Turner arrives as Nicholas is suffering a psychotic episode characterized by auditory hallucinations and realizes that Johanna's death was not an accident; Nicholas poisoned Johanna with a sprig from an Oleander bush he'd sprinkled in her food. Set in India, the story is full of lovely details, the reader can visualise and almost taste India. [6]. Nerium oleander /ˈnɪəriəm ˈoʊliːændər/,[1] most commonly known as oleander or nerium, is a shrub or small tree cultivated worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas as an ornamental and landscaping plant. [32] Hardy versions like white, red and pink oleander will tolerate occasional light frost down to −10 °C (14 °F),[16] though the leaves may be damaged. tags: drama, family-relationships, immigrant-experience, india, literary-fiction, suspense, usa. Hans Oleander lives and works in southern Germany, but once a year he gets away from his desk and voyages to the bottom of the Earth to spend a few weeks as a tour guide in Antarctica. are less well-known in cultivation. [41], Ingestion of this plant can affect the gastrointestinal system, the heart, and the central nervous system. Nerium obesum) single flower, Adenium obesum var. The cast stars Alison Lohman in the central role of Astrid Magnussen and Michelle Pfeiffer as her borderline personality disordered, manipulative mother, Ingrid, with Robin Wright, Noah Wyle and Renée Zellweger in supporting roles. - both of which contain (like Oleander) potent cardiac glycosides that have led to their use as arrow poisons in Africa. Free-flowering varieties like 'Petite Salmon' or 'Mont Blanc' require no period of rest and can flower continuously throughout the year if the weather remains warm. Eretz VeTeva, January–February 1995 (in Hebrew). In July 2009, several horses were poisoned in this manner from the leaves of the plant. Caterpillars of the polka-dot wasp moth (Syntomeida epilais) feed specifically on oleanders and survive by eating only the pulp surrounding the leaf-veins, avoiding the fibers. Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni is the author of sixteen books, including Oleander Girl, The Mistress of Spices, Sister of My Heart, Palace of Illusions, One Amazing Thing, and Before We Visit the Goddess. [40] A spokesman for the Los Angeles County Coroner's office stated that it was the first instance of death connected to oleander in the county, and a toxicologist from the California Poison Control Center said it was the first instance of death he had seen recorded. Of the several lesser characters, Walter Huston is most credible as the forthright, God-fearing father of the cardboard heroine." Learn more. [18] Because of its durability, oleander was planted prolifically on Galveston Island in Texas after the disastrous Hurricane of 1900. The music score was by Alfred Newman, and the cinematography by Arthur C. Miller. The genera most closely-related thus include the equally ornamental (and equally toxic) Adenium G.Don and Strophanthus DC. Larvae of the common crow butterfly (Euploea core) and oleander hawk-moth (Daphnis nerii) also feed on oleanders, and they retain or modify toxins, making them unpalatable to potential predators such as birds, but not to other invertebrates such as spiders and wasps. Virginia Commonwealth University. Among these compounds are oleandrin and oleandrigenin, known as cardiac glycosides, which are known to have a narrow therapeutic index and can be toxic when ingested. Two months later, Nicholas arrives and asks for her hand in marriage. This inhibits the circulation of water in the tissue of the plant, causing individual branches to die until the entire plant is consumed. For the underworld in Babylonian mythology, see, "Oleander" redirects here. Different names for oleander are used around the world in different locations, so, when encountering a plant with this appearance, regardless of the name used for it, one should exercise great care and caution to avoid ingestion of any part of the plant, including its sap and dried leaves or twigs. The flowering oleander, like the girl, is in the blossoming stage of life. However, when their baby is revealed to have a defective heart and dies immediately after his baptism, a heartbroken and embittered Nicholas withdraws alone to an attic room at Dragonwyck and becomes a drug addict. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia White Oleander is a 1999 novel set in Los Angeles. [50] Pliny confirmed that the Romans had no Latin word for the plant, but used the Greek terms instead. I suppose so, says Miranda. Gene Tierney is fairly ornamental in the role of the tortured child bride, but she plainly creates no more character than the meager script provides. [6] They were found to have been planted in a decorative arrangement with citron trees (Citrus medica) alongside the villa's swimming pool. A bacterial disease known as oleander leaf scorch has become an extremely serious threat to the shrub since it was first noticed in Palm Springs, California, in 1992. socotranum, trunks of extreme pachycaul specimens, Socotra, Strophanthus gratus - note corona like that present in Nerium flower, Strophanthus petersianus: flowers, showing streamer-like corolla lobes, Spectacular flowers of Strophanthus speciosus, "Arali" redirects here. [citation needed]. Retrieved on 2009-07-27. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nerium&oldid=1015575696, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2019, Taxonbars using multiple manual Wikidata items, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "The Terrace at Méric (Oleanders)", an 1867 Impressionist painting by, "The Rehearsal of the Flute Player and the Wife of Diomedes in the Atrium of Prince Napoleon's Pompeian House in Paris" (1861) by, Oleanders were famously referenced by the band, Oleander was used as a poison to kill mice, on, In the late 6th century/early 7th century AD, Oleander is the official flower of the city of, This page was last edited on 2 April 2021, at 07:52. Career Acting career. It was later made into a movie in 2002 titled White Oleander. Bosley Crowther, "'Dragonwyck', Featuring Gene Tierney and Vincent Price, New Bill at Roxy Theatre - Based on Anya Seton Novel" The name Oleander was ranked at number #12,453 on the baby centre website in 2015. The screenplay was adapted from Janet Fitch's 1999 novel White Oleander, which was selected for Oprah's Book Club in May 1999. Clean shaven and elegantly tailored, he still makes a formidable Bluebeard, and his moments of suave diabolism are about the best in the film. Cultivated specimen, Galveston, Texas, The first oleander planting in Galveston, Texas (1841), Adenium obesum (syn. [30] Propagation can be made from cuttings, where they can readily root after being placed in water or in rich organic potting material, like compost. A few days later, Klaas is accused of murder. Astrid Magnussen is a 12-year-old girl living in Los Angeles, California with her mother, Ingrid Magnussen, a self-centered and eccentric poet. Over time, Miranda learns that Nicholas and his wife Johanna are estranged from each other and from their daughter. In the past, scented plants were sometimes treated as the distinct species, Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands, "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, entry for, Bingtao Li, Antony J. M. Leeuwenberg, and D. J. Middleton. [43], Drying of plant materials does not eliminate the toxins. There is hardly a German family in the most arid parts of Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, but has its oleander trees. For the multi-level marketing firm Nerium International, see, Other species in tribe Nerieae: Oleander's closest relatives within Apocynaceae. [52] Pedanius Dioscorides states in his 1st century AD pharmacopeia De Materia Medica that the Romans used the Greek rhododendron but also the Latin Oleander and Laurorosa. Oleander Girl starts on the morning of Korobi’s engagement to the man she loves, Rajat Bose. [36] Other mammals, however, such as dogs and humans, are relatively sensitive to the effects of cardiac glycosides and the clinical manifestations of "glycoside intoxication". When he resists arrest and reaches for his gun, Nicholas is shot to death. Some variants tell of this happening to Napoleon's or Alexander the Great's soldiers. It was written by Janet Fitch. Retrieved on 2009-07-27. A combination of family saga and coming of age Romance 'Oleander Girl' is an entertaining and thought provoking read. Oleander has formed the subject matter of paintings by famous artists including: This morning Thea saw to her delight that the two oleander trees, one white and one red, had been brought up from their winter quarters in the cellar. In his book Enquiries into Plants of circa 300 BC, Theophrastus described (among plants that affect the mind) a shrub he called onotheras, which modern editors render oleander; "the root of onotheras [oleander] administered in wine", he alleges, "makes the temper gentler and more cheerful". Oleander is a sweet but strong name, mainly used for boys but can be unisex. Oleander Girl Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni. 2004. Snopes: Legend of Oleander-poisoning at Campfire. [46][47] According to the American Cancer Society, the trials conducted so far have produced no evidence of benefit, while they did cause adverse side effects. All parts are toxic, so you need to be careful not to ingest any of its pieces! Huxley, A.; Griffiths, M.; Levy, M. In Mediterranean climates oleanders can be expected to bloom from April through October, with the heaviest bloom usually occurring between May and June. Insulted, Nicholas lunges at Turner and the two brawl on the floor with the younger Turner ultimately knocking Nicholas out. Nerium oleander is the only species currently classified in the genus Nerium. They may strive to avert the day, but they grapple with the tub at last. Oleander (Nerium oleander) is a fast-growing evergreen shrub that's hardy and fairly low-maintenance.In fact, because of its hardiness, the plant is considered invasive in certain parts of the Southwest and around the Gulf Coast. [3] Merriam-Webster believes the word is a Medieval Latin corruption of Late Latin names for the plant: arodandrum or lorandrum, or more plausibly rhododendron (another Ancient Greek name for the plant), with the addition of olea because of the superficial resemblance to the olive tree (Olea europea)[Note 1][4][5] Another theory posited is that oleander is the Latinized form of a Greek compound noun: οllyo (ὀλλύω) 'I kill', and the Greek noun for man, aner, genitive andros (ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός). [3][4] It was directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz, and produced by Darryl F. Zanuck and Ernst Lubitsch (uncredited), from a screenplay by Mankiewicz, based on the novel Dragonwyck by Anya Seton. ", "History - International Oleander Society", "Paris côté jardin Archives de mots clés Laurier Rose", "Jardin: Prolongez vous vos vacances en plantant in laurier-rose", "Shedding Light on Growing Oleanders Indoors", "Blooming Oleanders of the American Collection", "Gardening : Nerium oleander : Petite oleanders: Evergreen drought-tolerant dwarf shrubs with showy flowers", "Effects of inotropic and arrhythmogenic digoxin doses and of digoxin-specific antibody on myocardial monovalent cation transport in the dog", "2 Toddlers Died from Oleander Poisoning, Coroner Says", "Dozens of horses poisoned at California farm", "A Bittersweet Story: The True Nature of the Laurel of the Oracle of Delphi", "Gustav Klimt, Two Girls With An Oleander". In 2003, she starred alongside her sister Marley in the independent film Moving Alan and she played the best friend roles in Learning Curves and Shopgirl. The young lady's posture mimics that of the oleander. These include 'Little Red', 'Petite White', 'Petite Pink' and 'Petite Salmon', which grow to about 8 feet (2.4 m) at maturity.[35]. Many cultivars, like 'Hawaii' or 'Turner's Carnival', are multi-colored, with brilliant striped corollas. Double flowered cultivars like 'Mrs Isadore Dyer' (deep pink), 'Mathilde Ferrier' (yellow) or 'Mont Blanc' (white) are enjoyed for their large, rose-like blooms and strong fragrance. Regarding Van Gogh's painting of her features, his greatest attention is focused on the girls face, giving her the coloring of a girl from Arles, but with a Japanese influence. It is the only species currently classified in the genus Nerium, belonging to subfamily Apocynoideae of the dogbane family Apocynaceae. "Will a week be too soon? Today, oleander is one of the common flower names for boys. [8], The ancient city of Volubilis in Morocco may have taken its name from the Berber name alili or oualilt for the flower.[9]. Placing them in a space with central heating and poor air flow can make them susceptible to a variety of pests – aphids, mealybugs, oleander scale, whitefly and spider mites. Oleander Girl moves effectively between Korobi's intimate first-person narrative and a broader, third-person perspective on events. Retrieved on 2009-07-27. Astrid's father, Klaus Anders, left before Astrid was old enough to remember him. The toxicity of the plant makes it the center of an urban legend documented on several continents and over more than a century. [30] Unless they wish to harvest the seeds, many gardeners choose to prune away the seedpods that form on spent flower clusters, which are a drain on energy. Oleander Girl features Korobi Roy, a girl in Kolkata, India who is being raised by her traditional, Hindu grandparents due to her parents' deaths. Nerium oleander is planted in many subtropical and tropical areas of the world. Nicholas ungraciously assents to Turner's request that the farmer be given a fair trial, in return for which he insists the doctor attend to his ailing wife Johanna. In most cases, the reviews are necessarily limited to those that were available to us ahead of publication. There is also a variegated form, 'Variegata', featuring leaves striped in yellow and white. Abigail Kathleen Breslin (born April 14, 1996) is an American actress and singer. Helen Chandler (February 1, 1906 – April 30, 1965) was an American film and theater actress, best known for playing Mina Seward in the 1931 horror film Dracula.
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